The SPIDER question format is recommended when conducting a mixed methods or qualitative study and focuses on study subjects rather than a broader population or groups of patients.
How do expectant mothers (S) perceive the impact of prenatal hospital tours (P) on reducing their anxiety (I) about childbirth and the delivery environment (D) as expressed through their personal experiences (E)? Research type is qualitative (R).
If your review will focus on a sampling of subjects rather than broader generalization to a population, SPIDER may be a helpful way to format your research question. SPIDER is particularly helpful for review of qualitative or mixed-methods research studies where researchers are wanting to explore the nuances and complexities of specific behaviors or experiences with a portion of the population. The evaluation in this question format is typically less about programs or services and more about changes in perceptions or experiences.
